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Kidney function decline

There seems to be natural decline in kidney function with againg . These two papers are highly technical and describe age related kidney deterioration. http://www.advancesinpd.com/adv90sup/2kidneysup90.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2901622/

Some noteworthy things that I could understand from these papers are as follows.

  1. Aging proceeds at different rates not only in different species but also in different organs and tissues of the same organism (2). Thus the function of the kidneys and lungs declines faster than the function of the brain and heart.
  2. As the kidney ages, about 25% of the glomeruli disappear by the fourth decade and one-half by the seventh decade (9).
  3. Between the ages of 20 and 90, they observed a decline in GFR from 122 to 65 ml/min or 1 ml/min/year. This rate of decline further accelerates after the age of 65, especially in individuals with hypertension (8). 
  4. serum creatinine remains unchanged probably because of simultaneous decrease in muscle mass and decreased creatinine production. 
  5. The aging kidney has a diminished capacity to excrete a sodium load and to conserve sodium during a low-sodium intake
  6. Fractional excretion of potassium is higher in the elderly than in the young, which indicates that the aging kidney cannot conserve potassium as well
  7. The volume of body water appears to decrease with age. It is 90% in the embryo, 80% in newborn, 70% in the mature adult and 60% in the elderly adult. Thirst and the desire for liquid intake diminish with age. 

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