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2010 American Heart Association guidelines for CPR

When I learned CPR decades ago and was the caption of the first aid squad at AT&T Red Hill facility, the A-B-C (Airway-Breathing-Circulation) in this order was stressed. Not any more! It is now CAB (Circulation-Airway-Breathing).  Furthermore, mouth-to-moth is not required any more, especially, in bystander CPR. Just the chest compression at the rate of 90 to 100 per minute will do. Most effective depth of compressions =2 inches. 2 inches results in 100% resuscitation, and 1.5 inches results in 15% resuscitation.

The difference between Heart Attack and Cardiac Arrest

Most people think heart attack and cardiac arrest are one and the same. They are completely two different things. In the case of heart attack, there is a blockage in the arteries that supply blood to the heart and as a result a portion of the heart muscle is starved of blood flow. The heart attack victim usually complain of chest pain, nausea, shortness of breath. There is cardiac activity in a heart attack victim.  YOU DON'T DO CPR ON A HEART ATTACK VICTIM. The treatment is aspirin, angioplasty, and other medications. In cardiac arrest, cardiac function *heart) suddenly stops. There is no cardiac activity. The victim suddenly collapses. The only immediate treatment in cardiac arrest is CPR and defibrillation. Cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the developed world.

Smiling/Talking to strangers

I am in India for the last few days now. Yesterday morning as I was walking back from my younger brother's (Gopala) house to my elder brother's house, I challenged myself to smile at and talk to as many strangers. I naturally do this, but this time I wanted to extend my nature as an experiment and carefully note the reactions in me and the other person. In India usually it is a tough challenge to engage a stranger into a conversation, particularly, of the opposite sex. Smiling is hard too since people avoid eye contact. Within a few hundred yards, I came across a uniformed person of the city bus service standing near a restaurant. I struck up a conversation, he said he is a bus inspector. After some casual words, I offered to pay for coffee. He said he just had it. From his reaction, I knew he didn't expect this from a stranger. He seemed happy to have met me. I felt good of extending brotherly affection to a stranger. Along the way, I met another ten-twelve year old b...

Simple Principles of a Healthy Diet

Consume a variety of foods: We don't exactly know what nutrients we need. Consume an assortment of foods. Keep an eye on portions: Applies to only some foods like pizza, rice. You can eat all you want vegetables and fruits. Eat plenty of produce: Make it as colorful as possible - green, orange, red, blue/purple, yellow. Includes legumes (beans, lentils, peanuts). Eat whole grains: whole wheat, oats, barley. Replace white rice with brown rice. Limit, limit, limit!: Try to cut out refined flours, and sugar please. Use splenda instead of sugar in coffee. Enjoy more nuts and vegetable oils: Walnut, almond, pecan. Canola oil and olive oil. Shun trans fats: cut out cookies, donuts, all bakery products, sweets. Keep sodium down: Cut down salt. Use sea salt instead of table salt. Watch your Calcium and Vitamin D: Drink some milk (D fortified). Get a few minutes of sun, not too much. Cut out liquid beverages: This includes soda and juices too!

Completed 100 days of Bikram Yoga in a Row!!!

I started Bikram Yoga at Plainsboro studio on January 6th 2013. Today is 4/19/2013 and I have gone to yoga EVERYDAY since the start. I completed 100 days of Bikram Yoga in a row on 4/16th. Bikram yoga is 90 minutes long and is done at a temperature of ~105 deg F which is pretty hot. The Bikram postures are tough. There are 26 postures which are done in sets of two. 13 are standing postures and 13 are done lying down. Standing postures require tremendous strength in legs and thighs. There are some standing postures that are still very difficult for me. But, I am seeing some improvement everyday. Before I started Yoga my LDL was 148. Two months after I started Bikram, it had dropped to 108. The huge drop in LDL may be a coincidence, I would know after the next blood test. I have outstanding teachers. Mishel, Mori, Meredith, Heidi, Jess, and Jen. Mishelle and Mori drive you, provide lots of guidance to make corrections, but I love it. They just want you to practice yoga co...

Mom or Dad - Who determines the Gender of the Baby?

In India, men sometimes get upset when they getting the girls and blame the mother of having some deficiency. Sex of the baby is determined by whether she carries two X-chromosomes (then it would be a girl) or an X and Y (then it would be a boy). Mother's egg always contributes ONLY X-chromosome. A man, on the other hand, can produce sperms that have either an X or a Y-chromosome. Sperms compete to fertilize the egg, and it is pure chance whether   a sperm with X or sperm Y enters the egg. X-chromosome is three times bigger (155 million base pairs) than Y-chromosome, so Y-chromosome is slightly lighter (not 1/3rd because there are 22 other chromosomes that are of equal length in both the egg and the sperm) and should be faster in reaching the egg. One would expect more boys conceived as a result.  Boy babies are only slightly (1.2%) more likely than girl babies, however, because male fetuses are less likely to be carried to term than female ones.

Who contributes more DNA mutations - a male or a female?

Mutations are considered bad. only about 24 mitotic divisions occur from the fertilized egg that starts a little girl's embryonic development and the setting aside of her future eggs (which is done long before she is even born). No matter what the age of the mother, she transmits only about 15 new mutations to her offspring. The sperm of a man, in contrast, are the descendants of at least 400 mitotic divisions since the fertilized egg that formed him. A man continues to add one to two new mutations every year.  So, A 25 year old man contributes ~25 times more mutations than the mother (mother's age does not matter) to the baby. A 40 year old man contributes ~30 times more mutations than the mother (mother's age does not matter) to the baby.

Should we Squelch our Thoughts?

Humans think, that is why we are humans. Thinking and thoughts are part and parcel of human existence. By concentration, or meditation, we may be able to suspend or reduce the rate of thoughts. Once we are out of meditation, we are back to being full-fledged “thought” creatures. We have some control on what those “thoughts” are about, not 100% control. Senses aid in what we think. Sometimes thoughts about some thing or event or person or topic just gushes up uncontrollably. There is no point in squelching the thought, instead, it is better to acknowledge the thought and let it run its course. While we may not be able to control the thought, we are able to control whether and how we translate the thought into action. We ARE responsible for our actions; we cannot say, well the thoughts drove me to do it. We are all kind of schizophrenic – I, as X, think. I, as Y, can do lots of things. Observe what, as X, I am thinking,  Judge what, as X, I am thinking,...

Consume more alkaline forming foods!

Human body requires a blood pH value between 7.35 and 7.45 (slightly alkaline) in order to function properly.  Zero is the most acidic a solution can be, and 14 is the most alkaline.   The pH of food  before you eat it  does not always determine the pH effect it will have on your body  after you digest it . For example, lemons are highly acidic fruits on their own. But lemons actually raise pH levels after digestion, which means that they help bring your blood pH back into balance, and are therefore considered an alkaline food. The point is not to completely eliminate acid-forming foods; rather it is about BALANCE. To maintain balance, about 60 to 80% of your diet should be alkaline foods. The key alkaline-forming and acid-forming foods my family consumes are as follows. Highly Alkaline Forming Foods sea salt, pumpkin seed, lentils, onion, sweet potato, lime, lemons, nectarine, watermelon, tangerine. Moderately Alkaline Forming Foods Apricots, spices...

Got Another MOOC Certificate in Engineering Mdechanics!

Just completed "Introduction to Engineering Mechanics"with distinction taught by Dr, Wayne Whiteman of Georgia Institute of Technology. This course was primarily about drawing Free Body Diagrams (FBD) and determine force and moment reactions at any point in a 2-D or 3-D object in static equilibrium under forces and moments. I had learned this as part of my BE decades ago. This was a good revision and also I appreciated the power of FBD for the first time.

Does weight matter?

Weight alone doesn't. http://www.haescommunity.org/ There are overweight or obese people who have better cardiovascular health than normal-weight people. Daily vigorous activity is the key to good health. For some people regular exercise may not result in weight loss. That is OK. The body is amazing. It has a lot invested in its weight and wants to maintain it even if you try hard to diet it or exercise it away. It does it by slowing metabolism or making the body "efficient."  The focus should never be weight loss. 

Recent Movies

Watched in theater quite a few great movies. Argo (Oscar for best picture and screenplay, film editing) Lincoln (Oscar for best actor and production design) The Guilt Trip Zero Dark Thirty Side Effects Silver Linings - Playbook (Oscar for best actress) Each one of these is absolutely wonderful. My number one choice also would be Argo followed by Silver Linings

EdX MOOC Course 8.02X Electricity & Magnetism

I started this course last week. This is a tough course. Requires solid understanding of classical mechanics and single variable calculus. Taught by the famous Walter Lewin of MIT. Dr. Lewin uses tons of gizmos in his classroom and conducts experiments as part of teaching. He is an absolutely wonderful teacher. He prepares >20 hours for a one hour class. 

Supplement Limits

Supplements may not necessary at all as long as varieties of plant based foods (fruits, vegetables, and legumes) are consumed. If one takes some supplements limit them as follows. Excessive amounts of some of these supplements could incrase some cancer risks. Selenium: 55 mcg Vitamin E: 33 IU CalciumL 1200 mg Zinc: 11 mg Consume cooked tomatoes or tomato sauces along with other vegetables.

Cancer Risk and Nutritional Factors

Nutritional component reducing cancer risk       Cancer sites Fruits and non-starchy vegetables                     Lung, mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, stomach Carotenoid-containg foods                               Lung, mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus Tomato                                                           Prostate Allum veg (onion, garlic)                                  Stomach, col...

Health Calculators

I used http://www.pennmedicine.org/health_info/wellness/nutrition_calc.html INPUT: 136 lbs, 5 ft 5 in, male, 60 years, intermediate physical activity level. OUTPUT: To   maintain your current weight , consume 2392 calories. The recommended distribution of your daily calories is: carbohydrates: 359 g protein: 60 g fat: 80 g The recommended daily amounts of key vitamins and minerals are: sodium: 2400 mg calcium: 1200 mg cholesterol : 300 mg vitamin D: 10 mcg vitamin C: 60 mg iron: 10 mg folate: 200 mcg vitamin B12 : 2 mcg

Energy 101

US Energy Sources: Coal 20% Oil: 26% Natural gas: 36% ___________ Nuclear: 9% Renewables: Biomass (wood, corn ethanol): 5% Hydro: 3% (pretty much fixed) Wind: 1.2% (almost 10 times the solar due to solar cost) Geothermal: 0.25% Solar: 0.17% (so low!) Solar cost is coming down! US Energy Information Administration: http://www.eia.gov/ US imports ~20% of its oil. ~24% from Canada ~10% from Mexico (dropping as Mexico is consuming more of its own oil) ~10% from Saudi Arabia ~8% fromVenezuela the rest from Nigeria, Russia, Iraq, Columbia, Algeria, Angola, Brazil About 22% of world oil is exported by SA, 18% by Russia,  the rest of the countries are in single digits. US has 1400 active rigs producing 10 million bbls of oil. SA has 50 active rigs producing 11 million bbls of oil.   >10 Russia   (10.2)   Saudi Arabia (11.2)   United States   (10.1)   7-10   4-7 China   ( 4.3)   Iran   ( 4.2)   2-...